Nutritional therapy in the critically ill patient with COVID-19 treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO): Case report

Authors

  • Francisco Gerardo Yanowsky-Escatell Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Dr. Juan I. Menchaca https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0621-5075
  • Eduardo de Jesús Torres-Vazquez Médico especialista en Medicina Interna y Nefrología, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
  • Carlos Alberto Andrade-Castellanos Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Dr. Juan I. Menchaca

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35454/rncm.v6n2.515

Keywords:

COVID-19, Critical illness, ECMO, Medical nutrition therapy

Abstract

Introduction: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is used in the treatment of severe respiratory failure to provide oxygenation and carbon dioxide elimination. Patients receiving ECMO frequently show a hypermetabolic state with protein catabolism and insulin resistance. In addition, these patients are often on concomitant vasoactive agents, steroids, and sedation, which may contribute to gastrointestinal dysfunction. Current evidence-based regarding medical nutrition therapy (MNT) in patients with COVID19 receiving ECMO is limited. 

Clinical case: We present a case of a critically ill patient diagnosed with COVID-19 pneumonia, treated with veno-venous ECMO. We also describe the evaluation process and monitoring approach of MNT during his stay in the intensive care unit, in particular during ECMO treatment. 

Conclusions: MNT through an infusion of enteral nutrition in patients receiving veno-venous ECMO is safe; however, energy intake from medications and dietary interruptions due to medical procedures are factors that affect nutritional adequacy. 

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Author Biographies

Francisco Gerardo Yanowsky-Escatell, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Dr. Juan I. Menchaca

Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Dr. Juan I. Menchaca, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.

Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud-Enfermedad como Proceso Individual, Centro Universitario de Tonalá, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.

Eduardo de Jesús Torres-Vazquez, Médico especialista en Medicina Interna y Nefrología, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México

Médico especialista en Medicina Interna y Nefrología, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.

Carlos Alberto Andrade-Castellanos, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Dr. Juan I. Menchaca

Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Dr. Juan I. Menchaca, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.

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Published

2023-05-24

How to Cite

Yanowsky-Escatell, F. G., Torres-Vazquez, E. de J., & Andrade-Castellanos, C. A. (2023). Nutritional therapy in the critically ill patient with COVID-19 treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO): Case report. Journal Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, 6(2), 167–175. https://doi.org/10.35454/rncm.v6n2.515

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