Influencia de nutrientes y enfermedades metabólicas sobre la memoria: revisión de alcance
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https://doi.org/10.35454/rncm.v8n1.666Palabras clave:
Deficiencia cognitiva, memoria, función cognitiva, nutrimentos, enfermedades metabólicasResumen
Introducción: la preservación de la memoria y el estado cognitivo han sido estudiados con interés en los últimos años, buscando las razones por las que se ve disminuido (las enfermedades metabólicas) o las estrategias para mejorarla o detener su deterioro (los nutrimentos). Objetivo: examinar los estudios que asocian los nutrimentos y las enfermedades metabólicas a la memoria y la función cognitiva mediante una revisión de alcance. Métodos: se realizó una búsqueda exhaustiva en bases de datos incluyendo estudios clínicos y observacionales (únicamente para las enfermedades metabólicas). Los criterios de inclusión fueron estudios publicados desde 2018 (con un máximo de inicio de intervención de 2017), hasta 2024. Se excluyeron estudios que no especificaron características de población, tamaño de población, dosis de intervención y métodos utilizados para evaluar la función cognitiva. Resultados: se incluyeron 45 estudios, dentro de los que se encontró una mayor influencia positiva en micronutrientes como Vitaminas A, B9 y B12, y de minerales como el magnesio. Además, en estudios observacionales, se demostró asociación positiva entre las enfermedades metabólicas y el deterioro cognitivo. Conclusiones: las limitaciones de la cantidad y calidad de algunos estudios asociados con vitaminas y minerales, no permiten concluir el efecto positivo en el deterioro cognitivo, a diferencia de las enfermedades metabólicas que si tienen un efecto negativo.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Fernando Emmanuel Garcini Enriquez, Claudia Nelly Orozco González
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