Estudio de la adecuación al requerimiento calórico durante la transición de la vía enteral a la vía oral en pacientes críticos posterior a la extubación orotraqueal

David Carelli; Mirta Antonini; Rocio Lema

doi:10.35454/rncm.v6n4.537

Authors

David Carelli Hospital de Agudos Juan A. Fernández
Mirta Antonini Hospital Fernandez
Rocio Lema Hospital Fernández

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35454/rncm.v6n4.537

Keywords:

Critical patient, Nutritional support, Energy intake, Nutritional assessment, Extubation

Abstract

Introduction: During the transition from enteral to oral feeding, the presence of inadequacy to the caloric requirement is frequent in critical patients after extubation, which leads to a high risk of malnutrition.

Objectives: To determine the adequacy of the caloric requirement in critical patients in the intensive care unit who are in transition to oral feeding, and to determine the reason for termination of enteral nutrition.

Methods: A prospective cohort study was implemented. The mean percentage of adequacy to the caloric requirement was calculated by means of a visual record before and after daily intake, also by daily control of the infused volume for enteral route. The frequency of the reason for termination of enteral nutrition was determined according to the medical history record.

Results: The initial sample consisted of 28 patients over 18 years of age post-extubation in transition to the oral route. Patients were evaluated on days 1, 3, 5, 7 and at discharge. The mean percentage of caloric adequacy at discharge was 59% and 48.5% for oral and enteral nutrition, respectively. The main reason for termination of nutritional support was due to medical indication.

Conclusions: As days of hospitalization elapse, post-extubation patients increase their caloric requirement adequacy, but slowly, with a tendency to be weaned from enteral nutrition early by medical indication.

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