Relação entre a deficiência e a suplementação de micronutrientes e a gravidade da COVID-19: uma revisão narrativa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35454/rncm.v6n3.532Palavras-chave:
SARS-CoV-2, Nutrição, Malnutrição, Deficiência de micronutrientesResumo
A pandemia de SARS-CoV-2 pegou o mundo de surpresa, deixando milhões de mortes em seu rastro. Ao longo do tempo, foram identificados múltiplos fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento de quadros graves da doença, que têm em comum um estado de desnutrição e/ou déficit de micronutrientes associado. O objetivo desta revisão da literatura é expor o impacto biológico e molecular da deficiência de micronutrientes no nível da função imune e o papel da suplementação de micronutrientes no impacto clínico da infecção por SARS-CoV-2 em pacientes com quadros leves a graves. Verificou-se que não há evidência suficiente para recomendar a suplementação de qualquer um dos micronutrientes propostos e estudos adicionais ainda são necessários.
Downloads
Referências
Short KR, Kedzierska K, van de Sandt CE. Back to the Future: Lessons Learned From the 1918 Influenza Pandemic. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2018;8(October):343. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2018.00343
Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Zhao J, Hu Y, et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. The Lancet. 2020;395(10223):497–506. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) [Internet]. World Health Organization [consultado el 19 de diciembre de 2022]. Disponible en: https://www.who.int/health-topics/coronavirus#tab=tab_1
Butler MJ, Barrientos RM. The impact of nutrition on COVID-19 susceptibility and long-term consequences. Brain Behav Immun. 2020;87:53-54. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.040
WHO coronavirus (COVID-19) dashboard [Internet]. World Health Organization [consultado el 19 de diciembre de 2022]. Disponible en: https://covid19.who.int/
About COVID-19 [Internet]. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2022 [consultado el 19 de diciembre de 2022]. Disponible en: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/your-health/about-covid-19.html
Malavazos AE, Corsi Romanelli MM, Bandera F, Iacobellis G. Targeting the Adipose Tissue in COVID-19. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2020;28(7):1178-1179. doi: 10.1002/oby.22844
Yuki K, Fujiogi M, Koutsogiannaki S. COVID-19 pathophysiology: A review. Clin Immunol. 2020;215:108427. doi: 10.1016/j.clim.2020.108427
Weger-Lucarelli J, Carrau L, Levi LI, Rezelj V, Vallet T, Blanc H, et al. Host nutritional status affects alphavirus virulence, transmission, and evolution. PLoS Pathog. 2019;15(11):e1008089. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008089
Barazzoni R, Bischoff SC, Busetto L, Cederholm T, Chourdakis M, Cuerda C, et al. Nutritional management of individuals with obesity and covid-19: ESPEN expert statements and practical guidance. Clinical Nutrition. 2022;41(12):2869–86. doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2021.05.006
Underlying medical conditions associated with higher risk for severe COVID-19: Information for Healthcare professionals [Internet]. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2022 [consultado el 19 de diciembre de 2022]. Disponible en: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/hcp/clinical-care/underlyingconditions.html
Naja F, Hamadeh R. Nutrition amid the COVID-19 pandemic: a multi-level framework for action. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2020;74(8):1117-1121. doi: 10.1038/s41430-020-0634-3
Wypych TP, Marsland BJ, Ubags NDJ. The Impact of Diet on Immunity and Respiratory Diseases. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2017;14(Supplement_5):S339-S347. doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.201703-255AW
Elmadfa I, Meyer AL. The Role of the Status of Selected Micronutrients in Shaping the Immune Function. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets. 2019;19(8):1100-1115. doi: 10.2174/1871530319666190529101816
Carretero Gómez J, Mafé Nogueroles MC, Garrachón Vallo F, Escudero Álvarez E, Maciá Botejara E, Miramontes González JP, et al. La inflamación, la desnutrición y la infección por SARS-CoV-2: una combinación nefasta. Rev Clin Esp. 2020;220(8):511-517. doi: 10.1016/j.rce.2020.07.007
Arkin N, Krishnan K, Chang MG, Bittner EA. Nutrition in critically ill patients with COVID-19: Challenges and special considerations. Clin Nutr. 2020;39(7):2327-2328. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2020.05.007
Arrieta F, Martinez-Vaello V, Bengoa N, Jiménez-Mendiguchia L, Rosillo M, de Pablo A, et al. Serum zinc and copper in people with COVID-19 and zinc supplementation in parenteral nutrition. Nutrition. 2021;91-92:111467. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2021.111467
Balboni E, Zagnoli F, Filippini T, Fairweather-Tait SJ, Vinceti M. Zinc and selenium supplementation in COVID-19 prevention and treatment: a systematic review of the experimental studies. J Trace Elem Med Biol. 2022;71:126956. doi: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2022.126956
Majeed M, Nagabhushanam K, Prakasan P, Mundkur L. Can Selenium Reduce the Susceptibility and Severity of SARS-CoV-2?—A Comprehensive Review. Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23(9):4809. doi: 10.3390/ijms23094809
Moreira E, Olano E, Manzanares W. Terapia nutricional en el paciente crítico con COVID-19. Rev Méd Urug. 2020;36(4):382-392. doi: 10.29193/RMU.36.4.6
Somi MH, Faghih Dinevari M, Taghizadieh A, Varshochi M, Sadeghi Majd E, Abbasian S, et al. Effect of vitamin A supplementation on the outcome severity of COVID-19 in hospitalized patients: A pilot randomized clinical trial. Nutr Health. 2022;2601060221129144. doi: 10.1177/02601060221129144
Dalbeni A, Bevilacqua M, Teani I, Normelli I, Mazzaferri F, Chiarioni G. Excessive vitamin B12 and poor outcome in COVID-19 pneumonia. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2021;31(3):774-775. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2020.12.005
Thomas S, Patel D, Bittel B, Wolski K, Wang Q, Kumar A, et al. Effect of high-dose zinc and ascorbic acid supplementation vs usual care on symptom length and reduction among ambulatory patients with SARS-COV-2 infection. JAMA Network Open. 2021;4(2):e210369. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.0369
Feiner Solís Á, Avedillo Salas A, Luesma Bartolomé MJ, Santander Ballestín S. The effects of vitamin D supplementation in COVID-19 patients: A systematic review. Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23(20):12424. doi: 10.3390/ijms232012424
Migliorini F, Vaishya R, Eschweiler J, Oliva F, Hildebrand F, Maffulli N. Vitamins C and D and COVID-19 susceptibility, severity and progression: An evidence based systematic review. Medicina. 2022;58(7):941. doi: 10.3390/medicina58070941
Zhou S, Li H, Li S. The associations of iron related biomarkers with risk, clinical severity and mortality in SARS-COV-2 patients: A meta-analysis. Nutrients. 2022;14(16):3406. doi: 10.3390/nu14163406
Mahroum N, Alghory A, Kiyak Z, Alwani A, Seida R, Alrais M, et al. Ferritin - from iron, through inflammation and autoimmunity, to COVID-19. J Autoimmun. 2022;126:102778. doi: 10.1016/j.jaut.2021.102778
Kotla NK, Dutta P, Parimi S, Das NK. The Role of Ferritin in Health and Disease: Recent Advances and Understandings. Metabolites. 2022;12(7):609. doi: 10.3390/metabo12070609
Tabatabaeizadeh SA. Zinc supplementation and COVID-19 mortality: a meta-analysis. Eur J Med Res. 2022;27(1):70. doi: 10.1186/s40001-022-00694-z
Zhao Y, Yang M, Mao Z, Yuan R, Wang L, Hu X, et al. The clinical outcomes of selenium supplementation on critically ill patients. Medicine. 2019;98(20):e15473. doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000015473
Jovic TH, Ali SR, Ibrahim N, Jessop ZM, Tarassoli SP, Dobbs TD, et al. Could vitamins help in the fight against COVID-19? Nutrients. 2020;12(9):2550. doi: 10.3390/nu12092550
Darand M, Hassanizadeh S, Martami F, Shams-rad S, Mirzaei M, Hosseinzadeh M. The association between B vitamins and the risk of COVID-19. Br J Nutr. 2023;130(1):155-163. doi: 10.1017/S0007114522003075
Batista KS, Cintra VM, Lucena PA, Manhães-de-Castro R, Toscano AE, Costa LP, et al. The role of Vitamin B12 in Viral Infections: A comprehensive review of its relationship with the muscle–gut–brain axis and implications for SARS-COV-2 infection. Nutrition Reviews. 2022;80(3):561–78. doi: 10.1093/nutrit/nuab092
Kümmel LS, Krumbein H, Fragkou PC, Hünerbein BL, Reiter R, Papathanasiou KA, et al. Vitamin D supplementation for the treatment of covid-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Front Immunol. 2022;13:1023903. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1023903
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
Copyright (c) 2023 Sofía Atuesta Escobar, Juan Camilo Blanco, David Esteban Cubillos Sandoval, Manuela Escobar Robledo, María Paula Tarazona, Sebastian Forero, Lucy Amparo Russi Rojas, Luis Gustavo Celis Regalado
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.