Vitamin B12 Pharmaconutrition for COVID-19

William Manzanares; Gil Hardy

doi:10.35454/rncm.v4n1.187

Autores/as

William Manzanares Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6060-0329
Gil Hardy

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35454/rncm.v4n1.187

Palabras clave:

COVID-19, Vitamina B12, SDRA, Cuidado Crítico, Farmaconutrición

Resumen

La mortalidad por la enfermedad de COVID-19 es mayor en los ancianos, muchos de los cuales sucumben al síndrome de dificultad respiratoria aguda (SDRA) desencadenado por la infección viral. La vitamina B12 parenteral en dosis altas ofrece una nueva terapia prometedora para los pacientes con COVID-19 con SDRA por sepsis/choque séptico. Las propiedades antiinflamatorias y antioxidantes de la vitamina B12 y las transcobalaminas pueden modular la inflamación sistémica, que contribuye a la cascada de citocinas que conduce al SDRA. Se requieren estudios clínicos para establecer un régimen apropiado para administrar vitamina B12 como farmaconutriente, para pacientes críticamente enfermos con COVID-19.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Biografía del autor/a

Gil Hardy

Auckland, Nueva Zelanda

Citas

World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novelcoronavirus-2019. [Accessed 28 June 2020]

Krautler B. Vitamin B12: chemistry and biochemistry. Biochem Soc Trans. 2005; 33(Pt 4): 806-10. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/BST0330806.

Birch CS, Brasch NE, McCaddon A, Williams JHH. A novel role for vitamin B(12): Cobalamins are intracellular antioxidants in vitro. Free Radic Biol Med. 2009; 47(2): 184–8. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2009.04.023.

Manzanares W, Hardy G. Vitamin B12: The Forgotten Micronutrient for Critical Care. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2010;13(6):662-8. doi: https://doi.org/10.1097/MCO.0b013e32833dfaec.

Romain M, Sviri S, Linton DM, Stav I, van Heerden PV. The role of vitamin B12 in the critically ill—a review. Anaesth Intensive Care. 2016:44(4); 447-52. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/0310057X1604400410.

Corcoran TB, O’Neill MA, Webb SAR, Ho KM. Prevalence of vitamin deficiencies on admission: relationship to hospital mortality in critically ill patients. Anaesth Intensive Care. 2009; 37(2):254-60. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/0310057X0903700215.

Corcoran TB, O’Neill MP, Webb SAR, Ho KM. Inflammation, vitamin deficiencies and organ failure in critically ill patients. Anaesth Intensive Care. 2009; 37(5): 740-7. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/0310057X0903700510.

Racca V, Castiglioni P, Ripamonti V, Bertoli S, Calvo MG, Ferratini M. Nutrition markers in patients after heart surgery. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2010; 34(2): 143-50. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/0148607109357627.

Abilés J, Pérez AR, Moratalla G, Castaño J, Rodríguez EM, Pérez de la CA et al. High prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia in critically ill patients: Vascular damage and adequate vitamin intake. e-SPEN. 2008; 3: e240-e245. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclnm.2008.06.011.

Ploder M, Kurz K, Spittler A, Neurauter G, Roth E, Fuchs D. Early increase of plasma homocysteine in sepsis patients with poor outcome. Mol Med. 2010: 16(11-12): 498-504. doi: https://doi.org/10.2119/molmed.2010.00008.

Wheatley C. A scarlet pimpernel for the resolution of inflammation? The role of supra-therapeutic doses of cobalamin, in the treatment of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), sepsis, severe sepsis, and septic or traumatic shock. Med Hypotheses. 2006; 67:124–42. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2006.01.036.

Wheatley C. The return of the Scarlet Pimpernel: cobalamin in inflammation II—cobalamins can both selectively promote all three nitric oxide synthases (NOS), particularly iNOS and eNOS, and, as needed, selectively inhibit iNOS and nNOS. J Nutr Environ Med. 2007; 16(3-4):181–211. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/10520290701791839.

Weinberg JB, Chen Y, Jiang N, Beasley BE, Salerno JC, Ghosh DK. Inhibition of nitric oxide synthase by cobalamins and cobinamides. Free Radic Biol Med. 2009; 46(12): 1626-32. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2009.03.017.

Manzanares W, Biestro A, Galusso F, Torre MH, Mañáy N, Facchin G, et al. High dose selenium for critically ill patients with systemic inflammation. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of selenious acid: A pilot study. Nutrition. 2010; 26(6): 634-40. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2009.06.022.

Vanek VW, Borum P, Buchman A, Fessler TA, Howard L, Jeejeebhoy K et al. ASPEN position paper: recommendations for changes in commercially available parenteral multivitamin and multi-trace element products. Nutr Clin Pract 2012; 27:440-491.

Joint Formulary Committee. British National Formulary (Ed.57) London: BMJ Group and Pharmaceutical Press 2009. http://www.medicinescomplete.com. [Accessed on 20.7.20].

Hoey L, Strain JJ, McNul H. Studies of biomarker responses to intervention with vitamin B-12: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Am J Clin Nutr. 2009; 89(6):1981S–96S. doi: https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.2009.27230C.