Métodos de tamizaje nutricional en el paciente adulto hospitalizado::  una revisión de la literatura

Harumi Rivas Acosta; Fernand Vedrenne-Gutierrez; Vanessa Fuchs Tarlovsky

doi:10.35454/rncm.v6n4.547

Autores

Harumi Rivas Acosta Universidad Iberoamericana
Fernand Vedrenne-Gutierrez Universidad Iberoamericana
Vanessa Fuchs Tarlovsky Universidad Iberoamericana https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2850-648X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35454/rncm.v6n4.547

Palavras-chave:

Desnutrição hospitalar, Triagem nutricional, Paciente adulto, Câncer, Doença renal, Paciente crítico

Resumo

A desnutrição em pacientes hospitalizados é um problema sério, pois está associada a resultados clínicos ruins, maior tempo de internação, aumento da morbidade e da mortalidade e custos hospitalares mais altos. Estudos indicaram que os pacientes com desnutrição hospitalar também apresentam resposta imunológica deficiente, força muscular reduzida, dificuldade de desmame do ventilador devido à fadiga respiratória, termorregulação prejudicada, anormalidades de micronutrientes, caquexia, sarcopenia, fragilidade e deterioração da cicatrização de feridas.

Por sua vez, os métodos de triagem nutricional são uma ferramenta muito útil para identificar de forma fácil e rápida os pacientes em risco de desnutrição e, assim, determinar se uma avaliação mais aprofundada é necessária e, portanto, se beneficiam dos cuidados nutricionais. Este artigo tem como objetivo fazer uma revisão narrativa dos principais métodos de triagem nutricional implementados em pessoas hospitalizadas com câncer, doença renal e pacientes críticos, a fim de avaliar as diferenças entre eles. Para isso, foi feita uma revisão da literatura científica consultando o banco de dados PubMed e o Google Acadêmico.

Foram incluídos na revisão todos os estudos publicados entre 2010 e 2021, em inglês e espanhol, que apresentavam resumo, objetivos, definições, resultados e conclusões sobre os métodos de triagem nutricional em pacientes adultos hospitalizados ou pacientes oncológicos, com doença renal e críticos.

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