Eficacia de la suplementación con omega 3 en pacientes oncológicos: revisión sistemática y metaanálisis

Delfina Bressan Otegui; Evelyn Santilli Bourse; Juan Sebastian Lasa

Authors

Delfina Bressan Otegui Residencia de Nutrición. Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas “Norberto Quirno” (CEMIC). Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Evelyn Santilli Bourse Servicio de Alimentación y Dietoterapia. Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas “Norberto Quirno” (CEMIC). Buenos Aires. Argentina.
Juan Sebastian Lasa Departamento de Gastroenterología. Hospital Britanico de Buenos Aires. Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Keywords:

radiotherapy, cancer, malnutrition, fatty acids, omega-3, drug therapy

Abstract

Introduction: cancer affects the nutritional status of patients, emphasizing the need to seek nutritional strategies to address it. Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of supplementation with omega-3 oil or capsules on nutritional and inflammatory parameters of oncological patients undergoing active treatment. Methods: a systematic review was conducted to identify controlled clinical trials. The primary outcome was weight change. A meta-analysis was performed using RevMan software. Results: seven studies were included (n=262 participants). The administered dose ranged from 0,60 to 2,45 g, and the intervention lasted from 45 days to three months. It was observed that patients who received supplementation lost less weight than those not exposed to omega-3 (Standardized Mean Difference (SMD)= 3,99; 95,00 % CI 2,40-5,57), but no significant differences were found in body mass index (BMI) (SMD= 0,73; 95,00 % CI -0,11-1,58) or in albumin (SMD= -0,23; 95,00 % CI -0,26-0,71) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels (SMD= -4,01; 95,00 % CI -15,59-7,57). The results are limited by the number and heterogeneity of the included studies. Conclusions:omega-3 supplementation showed a reduction in weight loss in oncology patients undergoing active treatment (chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy) but did not show beneficial effects on BMI or albumin and CRP levels.

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