Association of early enteral nutrition with clinical outcomes in patients undergoing cardiac surgery in a cardiovascular intensive care unit
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35454/rncm.v6n2.502Keywords:
Early enteral nutrition, cardiac surgery, critically ill patient, mechanical ventilation, length of ICU stayAbstract
Introduction: Early enteral nutrition (EEN) is recognized as a standard of care in critically ill patients. There are not many studies of EEN in postoperative cardiac surgery patients.
Objective: To analyze the association between EEN and clinical outcomes.
Methods: A retrospective cohort of postoperative adult patients requiring invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) for more than 48 hours in the ICU. The association between EEN and hospital and ICU mortality, days under IMV, and days of ICU stay was assessed through logistic and linear regression tests.
Results: 74 patients were included. The median length of stay in the ICU was shorter in the EEN group compared to the group receiving delayed enteral nutrition [8 (IQR 6 - 14) vs. 18 (7 - 31), p = 0.005, respectively], as well as with days under IMV [4 (3 - 6) vs. 11(5-24), p = 0.000, respectively]. EEN was associated with a decrease in hospital (OR 0.21; 95% CI 0.07, 0.67; p = 0.009) and ICU (OR 0.21; 95% CI 0.5, 0.84; p = 0.027) mortality, as well as reduced ICU length of stay (β -8.03; 95% CI -13.44, -2.62; p = 0.004) and number of IMV days (β -11.86; 95% CI -17.97, -5.74; p = 0.000) in the adjusted model.
Conclusions: In critically ill patients undergoing cardiac surgery, EEN may be associated with a decrease in hospital and ICU mortality, as well as shorter ICU length of stay and less days on IMV.
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Copyright (c) 2023 Jacob Jonatan Cruz Sánchez, Carla Aguilar, Mario Gabriel Acosta Osuna, Yarima Janin Soto Romero, María de la Luz Tovar Hernández, Gustavo Rojas Velasco
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