Factores asociados con la nutrición enteral tardía en la unidad de cuidados intensivos: estudio de casos y controles
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35454/rncm.v4n4.294Palabras clave:
Nutrición enteral, Respiración artificial, Diarrea, Vasoconstrictores, CardiotónicosResumen
La nutrición enteral (NE) tardía está asociada con resultados adversos en los pacientes críticos. El objetivo del artículo fue determinar si la presencia de diarrea, el uso de vasopresor o ionotrópico y la ventilación mecánica (VM) dentro de las 48 horas del ingreso fueron factores asociados con la NE tardía en la unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI).
Descargas
Citas
Casaer MP, Van den Berghe G. Nutrition in the acute phase of critical illness. N Engl J Med. 2014;370(13):1227-36. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1304623.
Alkhawaja S, Martin C, Butler RJ, Gwadry-Sridhar F. Post-pyloric versus gastric tube feeding for preventing pneumonia and improving nutritional outcomes in critically ill adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015;2015(8):CD008875. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD008875.pub2.
Ala S, Pakravan N, Ahmadi M. Mortality Rate and Outcome among Patients Admitted to General Intensive Care Unit during “Morning-Hour” Compared with “Off-Hour”. Int J Clin. 2012;3(3):171-77. doi: 10.4236/ijcm.2012.33035.
McClave SA, Martindale RG, Vanek VW, McCarthy M, Roberts P, Taylor B, et al. Guidelines for the Provision and Assessment of Nutrition Support Therapy in the Adult Critically Ill Patient: Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM) and American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (A.S.P.E.N.). JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2009;33(3):277-316. doi: 10.1177/0148607109335234.
Singer P, Blaser AR, Berger MM, Alhazzani W, Calder PC, Casaer MP, Hiesmayr M, Mayer K, Montejo JC, Pichard C, Preiser JC, van Zanten ARH, Oczkowski S, Szczeklik W, Bischoff SC. ESPEN guideline on clinical nutrition in the intensive care unit. Clin Nutr. 2019;38(1):48-79. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2018.08.037.
Woo SH, Finch CK, Broyles JE, Wan J, Boswell R, Hurdle A. Early vs delayed enteral nutrition in critically ill medical patients. Nutr Clin Pract. 2010;25(2):205-11. doi: 10.1177/0884533610361605.
Reintam Blaser A, Starkopf J, Alhazzani W, Berger MM, Casaer MP, Deane AM, et al. Early enteral nutrition in critically ill patients: ESICM clinical practice guidelines. Intensive Care Med. 2017;43(3):380-398. doi: 10.1007/s00134-016-4665-0.
Fernández-Ortega JF, Herrero Meseguer JI, Martínez García P; Spanish Society of Intensive Care Medicine and Coronary Units-Spanish Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (SEMICYUC-SENPE). Recomendaciones para el soporte nutricional y metabólico especializado del paciente crítico. Actualización. Consenso SEMICYUC-SENPE: indicaciones, momento de inicio y vías de aporte. Med Intensiva. 2011;35 Suppl 1:7-11. doi: 10.1016/S0210-5691(11)70002-X.
Rubinsky MD, Clark AP. Early enteral nutrition in critically ill patients. Dimens Crit Care Nurs. 2012;31(5):267-74. doi: 10.1097/DCC.0b013e3182619944.
Doig GS, Heighes PT, Simpson F, Sweetman EA, Davies AR. Early enteral nutrition, provided within 24 h of injury or intensive care unit admission, significantly reduces mortality in critically ill patients: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Intensive Care Med. 2009;35(12):2018-27. doi: 10.1007/s00134-009-1664-4.
Li B, Liu HY, Guo SH, Sun P, Gong FM, Jia BQ. Impact of early postoperative enteral nutrition on clinical outcomes in patients with gastric cancer. Genet Mol Res. 2015;14(2):7136-41. doi: 10.4238/2015.June.29.7.
Lavrentieva A, Kontakiotis T, Bitzani M. Enteral nutrition intolerance in critically ill septic burn patients. J Burn Care Res. 2014;35(4):313-8. doi: 10.1097/BCR.0b013e3182a22403.
Liu H, Ling W, Shen ZY, Jin X, Cao H. Clinical application of immune-enhanced enteral nutrition in patients with advanced gastric cancer after total gastrectomy. J Dig Dis. 2012;13(8):401-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-2980.2012.00596.x.
Li JY, Yu T, Chen GC, Yuan YH, Zhong W, Zhao LN, et al. Enteral nutrition within 48 hours of admission improves clinical outcomes of acute pancreatitis by reducing complications: a meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2013;8(6):e64926. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064926.
Canarie MF, Barry S, Carroll CL, Hassinger A, Kandil S, Li S, et al. Risk Factors for Delayed Enteral Nutrition in Critically Ill Children. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2015;16(8):e283-9. doi: 10.1097/PCC.0000000000000527.
Sungur G, Sahin H, Tasci S. The effects of implementing a nutritional support algorithm in critically ill medical patients. J Pak Med Assoc. 2015;65(8):810-4.
Seron-Arbeloa C, Zamora-Elson M, Labarta-Monzon L, Mallor-Bonet T. Enteral nutrition in critical care. J Clin Med Res. 2013;5(1):1-11. doi: 10.4021/jocmr1210w.
Mancl EE, Muzevich KM. Tolerability and safety of enteral nutrition in critically ill patients receiving intravenous vasopressor therapy. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2013;37(5):641-51. doi: 10.1177/0148607112470460.
Ukleja A. Altered GI motility in critically Ill patients: current understanding of pathophysiology, clinical impact, and diagnostic approach. Nutr Clin Pract. 2010;25(1):16-25. doi: 10.1177/0884533609357568.
Reintam Blaser A, Deane AM, Fruhwald S. Diarrhoea in the critically ill. Curr Opin Crit Care. 2015;21(2):142-53. doi: 10.1097/MCC.0000000000000188.
Wells DL. Provision of enteral nutrition during vasopressor therapy for hemodynamic instability: an evidence-based review. Nutr Clin Pract. 2012;27(4):521-6. doi: 10.1177/0884533612448480.
Rhodes A, Evans LE, Alhazzani W, Levy MM, Antonelli M, Ferrer R, et al. Surviving Sepsis Campaign: International Guidelines for Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock: 2016. Intensive Care Med. 2017;43(3):304-377. doi: 10.1007/s00134-017-4683-6.
McClave SA, Taylor BE, Martindale RG, Warren MM, Johnson DR, Braunschweig C, et al. Guidelines for the Provision and Assessment of Nutrition Support Therapy in the Adult Critically Ill Patient: Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM) and American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (A.S.P.E.N.). JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2016;40(2):159-211. doi: 10.1177/0148607115621863.
Rupert AA, Seres DS, Li J, Faye AS, Jin Z, Freedberg DE. Factors associated with delayed enteral nutrition in the intensive care unit: a propensity score-matched retrospective cohort study. Am J Clin Nutr. 2021;114(1):295-302. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab023.
Bone RC, Balk RA, Cerra FB, Dellinger RP, Fein AM, Knaus WA, et al. Definitions for sepsis and organ failure and guidelines for the use of innovative therapies in sepsis. The ACCP/SCCM Consensus Conference Committee. American College of Chest Physicians/Society of Critical Care Medicine. Chest. 1992;101(6):1644-55. doi: 10.1378/chest.101.6.1644.
Reintam Blaser A, Malbrain ML, Starkopf J, Fruhwald S, Jakob SM, De Waele J, et al. Gastrointestinal function in intensive care patients: terminology, definitions and management. Recommendations of the ESICM Working Group on Abdominal Problems. Intensive Care Med. 2012;38(3):384-94. doi: 10.1007/s00134-011-2459-y.
Thibault R, Graf S, Clerc A, Delieuvin N, Heidegger CP, Pichard C. Diarrhoea in the ICU: respective contribution of feeding and antibiotics. Crit Care. 2013;17(4):R153. doi: 10.1186/cc12832.
Tirlapur N, Puthucheary ZA, Cooper JA, Sanders J, Coen PG, Moonesinghe SR, et al. Diarrhoea in the critically ill is common, associated with poor outcome, and rarely due to Clostridium difficile. Sci Rep. 2016;6:24691. doi: 10.1038/srep24691.
Heinonen T, Ferrie S, Ferguson C. Gut function in the intensive care unit - What is ‘normal’? Aust Crit Care. 2020;33(2):151-154. doi: 10.1016/j.aucc.2018.12.007.
Murali M, Ly C, Tirlapur N, Montgomery HE, Cooper JA, Wilson AP. Diarrhoea in critical care is rarely infective in origin, associated with increased length of stay and higher mortality. J Intensive Care Soc. 2020;21(1):72-78. doi: 10.1177/1751143719843423.
Merchan C, Altshuler D, Aberle C, Papadopoulos J, Schwartz D. Tolerability of Enteral Nutrition in Mechanically Ventilated Patients With Septic Shock Who Require Vasopressors. J Intensive Care Med. 2017;32(9):540-546. doi: 10.1177/0885066616656799.
Simões Covello LH, Gava-Brandolis MG, Castro MG, Dos Santos Netos MF, Manzanares W, Toledo DO. Vasopressors and Nutrition Therapy: Safe Dose for the Outset of Enteral Nutrition? Crit Care Res Pract. 2020;2020:1095693. doi: 10.1155/2020/1095693.
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2021 Salomón José Valencia Anaya, Noemi Matilde Sosa Guillén
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.