Relationship of micronutrient deficiency and supplementation to severity of COVID-19: a narrative review

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35454/rncm.v6n3.532

Keywords:

SARS-CoV-2, Nutrition, Malnutrition, Micronutrients deficiency

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 took the world by surprise, leaving behind millions of deaths. Over time, multiple risk factors for developing severe cases of the illness were identified; those having in common malnutrition and/or micronutrient deficiencies associated. The aim of this literature review is to show the biological and molecular impact of micronutrient deficiencies at immune function level, and the role of micronutrient supplementation in the clinical impact on SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with mild to severe cases. It was found that there is not enough evidence to recommend supplementation of any of the micronutrients raised and further studies are still required.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Short KR, Kedzierska K, van de Sandt CE. Back to the Future: Lessons Learned From the 1918 Influenza Pandemic. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2018;8(October):343. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2018.00343

Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Zhao J, Hu Y, et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. The Lancet. 2020;395(10223):497–506. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) [Internet]. World Health Organization [consultado el 19 de diciembre de 2022]. Disponible en: https://www.who.int/health-topics/coronavirus#tab=tab_1

Butler MJ, Barrientos RM. The impact of nutrition on COVID-19 susceptibility and long-term consequences. Brain Behav Immun. 2020;87:53-54. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.040

WHO coronavirus (COVID-19) dashboard [Internet]. World Health Organization [consultado el 19 de diciembre de 2022]. Disponible en: https://covid19.who.int/

About COVID-19 [Internet]. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2022 [consultado el 19 de diciembre de 2022]. Disponible en: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/your-health/about-covid-19.html

Malavazos AE, Corsi Romanelli MM, Bandera F, Iacobellis G. Targeting the Adipose Tissue in COVID-19. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2020;28(7):1178-1179. doi: 10.1002/oby.22844

Yuki K, Fujiogi M, Koutsogiannaki S. COVID-19 pathophysiology: A review. Clin Immunol. 2020;215:108427. doi: 10.1016/j.clim.2020.108427

Weger-Lucarelli J, Carrau L, Levi LI, Rezelj V, Vallet T, Blanc H, et al. Host nutritional status affects alphavirus virulence, transmission, and evolution. PLoS Pathog. 2019;15(11):e1008089. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008089

Barazzoni R, Bischoff SC, Busetto L, Cederholm T, Chourdakis M, Cuerda C, et al. Nutritional management of individuals with obesity and covid-19: ESPEN expert statements and practical guidance. Clinical Nutrition. 2022;41(12):2869–86. doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2021.05.006

Underlying medical conditions associated with higher risk for severe COVID-19: Information for Healthcare professionals [Internet]. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2022 [consultado el 19 de diciembre de 2022]. Disponible en: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/hcp/clinical-care/underlyingconditions.html

Naja F, Hamadeh R. Nutrition amid the COVID-19 pandemic: a multi-level framework for action. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2020;74(8):1117-1121. doi: 10.1038/s41430-020-0634-3

Wypych TP, Marsland BJ, Ubags NDJ. The Impact of Diet on Immunity and Respiratory Diseases. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2017;14(Supplement_5):S339-S347. doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.201703-255AW

Elmadfa I, Meyer AL. The Role of the Status of Selected Micronutrients in Shaping the Immune Function. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets. 2019;19(8):1100-1115. doi: 10.2174/1871530319666190529101816

Carretero Gómez J, Mafé Nogueroles MC, Garrachón Vallo F, Escudero Álvarez E, Maciá Botejara E, Miramontes González JP, et al. La inflamación, la desnutrición y la infección por SARS-CoV-2: una combinación nefasta. Rev Clin Esp. 2020;220(8):511-517. doi: 10.1016/j.rce.2020.07.007

Arkin N, Krishnan K, Chang MG, Bittner EA. Nutrition in critically ill patients with COVID-19: Challenges and special considerations. Clin Nutr. 2020;39(7):2327-2328. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2020.05.007

Arrieta F, Martinez-Vaello V, Bengoa N, Jiménez-Mendiguchia L, Rosillo M, de Pablo A, et al. Serum zinc and copper in people with COVID-19 and zinc supplementation in parenteral nutrition. Nutrition. 2021;91-92:111467. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2021.111467

Balboni E, Zagnoli F, Filippini T, Fairweather-Tait SJ, Vinceti M. Zinc and selenium supplementation in COVID-19 prevention and treatment: a systematic review of the experimental studies. J Trace Elem Med Biol. 2022;71:126956. doi: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2022.126956

Majeed M, Nagabhushanam K, Prakasan P, Mundkur L. Can Selenium Reduce the Susceptibility and Severity of SARS-CoV-2?—A Comprehensive Review. Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23(9):4809. doi: 10.3390/ijms23094809

Moreira E, Olano E, Manzanares W. Terapia nutricional en el paciente crítico con COVID-19. Rev Méd Urug. 2020;36(4):382-392. doi: 10.29193/RMU.36.4.6

Somi MH, Faghih Dinevari M, Taghizadieh A, Varshochi M, Sadeghi Majd E, Abbasian S, et al. Effect of vitamin A supplementation on the outcome severity of COVID-19 in hospitalized patients: A pilot randomized clinical trial. Nutr Health. 2022;2601060221129144. doi: 10.1177/02601060221129144

Dalbeni A, Bevilacqua M, Teani I, Normelli I, Mazzaferri F, Chiarioni G. Excessive vitamin B12 and poor outcome in COVID-19 pneumonia. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2021;31(3):774-775. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2020.12.005

Thomas S, Patel D, Bittel B, Wolski K, Wang Q, Kumar A, et al. Effect of high-dose zinc and ascorbic acid supplementation vs usual care on symptom length and reduction among ambulatory patients with SARS-COV-2 infection. JAMA Network Open. 2021;4(2):e210369. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.0369

Feiner Solís Á, Avedillo Salas A, Luesma Bartolomé MJ, Santander Ballestín S. The effects of vitamin D supplementation in COVID-19 patients: A systematic review. Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23(20):12424. doi: 10.3390/ijms232012424

Migliorini F, Vaishya R, Eschweiler J, Oliva F, Hildebrand F, Maffulli N. Vitamins C and D and COVID-19 susceptibility, severity and progression: An evidence based systematic review. Medicina. 2022;58(7):941. doi: 10.3390/medicina58070941

Zhou S, Li H, Li S. The associations of iron related biomarkers with risk, clinical severity and mortality in SARS-COV-2 patients: A meta-analysis. Nutrients. 2022;14(16):3406. doi: 10.3390/nu14163406

Mahroum N, Alghory A, Kiyak Z, Alwani A, Seida R, Alrais M, et al. Ferritin - from iron, through inflammation and autoimmunity, to COVID-19. J Autoimmun. 2022;126:102778. doi: 10.1016/j.jaut.2021.102778

Kotla NK, Dutta P, Parimi S, Das NK. The Role of Ferritin in Health and Disease: Recent Advances and Understandings. Metabolites. 2022;12(7):609. doi: 10.3390/metabo12070609

Tabatabaeizadeh SA. Zinc supplementation and COVID-19 mortality: a meta-analysis. Eur J Med Res. 2022;27(1):70. doi: 10.1186/s40001-022-00694-z

Zhao Y, Yang M, Mao Z, Yuan R, Wang L, Hu X, et al. The clinical outcomes of selenium supplementation on critically ill patients. Medicine. 2019;98(20):e15473. doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000015473

Jovic TH, Ali SR, Ibrahim N, Jessop ZM, Tarassoli SP, Dobbs TD, et al. Could vitamins help in the fight against COVID-19? Nutrients. 2020;12(9):2550. doi: 10.3390/nu12092550

Darand M, Hassanizadeh S, Martami F, Shams-rad S, Mirzaei M, Hosseinzadeh M. The association between B vitamins and the risk of COVID-19. Br J Nutr. 2023;130(1):155-163. doi: 10.1017/S0007114522003075

Batista KS, Cintra VM, Lucena PA, Manhães-de-Castro R, Toscano AE, Costa LP, et al. The role of Vitamin B12 in Viral Infections: A comprehensive review of its relationship with the muscle–gut–brain axis and implications for SARS-COV-2 infection. Nutrition Reviews. 2022;80(3):561–78. doi: 10.1093/nutrit/nuab092

Kümmel LS, Krumbein H, Fragkou PC, Hünerbein BL, Reiter R, Papathanasiou KA, et al. Vitamin D supplementation for the treatment of covid-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Front Immunol. 2022;13:1023903. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1023903

Published

2023-08-28

How to Cite

Atuesta-Escobar, S., Blanco, J. C., Cubillos-Sandoval, D. E., Escobar-Robledo, M., Tarazona, M. P., Forero Amézquita , S., Russi-Rojas, A., & Celis-Regalado, L. G. (2023). Relationship of micronutrient deficiency and supplementation to severity of COVID-19: a narrative review. Journal Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, 6(3). https://doi.org/10.35454/rncm.v6n3.532

Similar Articles

1 2 3 4 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.