Hígado graso no alcohólico y consumo de fructosa: revisión y actualización de la evidencia

Anabella Gobea Alcoba; Maria Florencia Crespi

doi:10.35454/rncm.v6n1.453

Authors

Anabella Gobea Alcoba Hospital Dr Luis Guemes.
Maria Florencia Crespi 0000-0002-5530-7531

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35454/rncm.v6n1.453

Keywords:

Fatty Liver Disease, Nutritive Sweeteners, Fructose

Abstract

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is currently one of the main causes of chronic liver disease. It is defined as the presence of steatosis in the absence of other causes of chronic liver disease and its prevalence is increasing worldwide. It has been suggested that there is a causal relationship between the increased prevalence of NAFLD and the intake of nutritive sweeteners, particularly fructose. The general objective of this review is to describe the association between non-alcoholic fatty liver and fructose in humans.

A search of scientific articles with keywords was performed. The results of this review describe that the consumption of fructose has increased in recent decades, mainly from the intake of sucrose and high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS), a commonly used sweetener in the food industry. Chronic consumption of fructose promotes a series of mechanisms that increase hepatic lipogenesis. This rate of synthesis exceeds the catabolic rate of fatty acid oxidation and the ability to export as VLDL, being a major contributor to intrahepatic lipids in NAFLD.

The initial management of NAFLD mainly involves dietary recommendations such as decreased consumption of free sugars, a Mediterranean diet pattern, and lifestyle changes to achieve weight loss; however, the evidence is limited and large prospective studies and controlled trials are needed to assess the relationship between fructose and NAFLD.

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