Journal Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism

Complete journal Vol 7 Issue 4

Administrador Revista — Sat, 28 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Complete journal Volume 7 Issue 2

Efficacy of omega-3 supplementation in cancer patients: systematic review and meta-analysis

Delfina Bressan Otegui, Evelyn Santilli Bourse, Juan Sebastian Lasa — Sat, 28 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Introduction: cancer affects the nutritional status of patients, emphasizing the need to seek nutritional strategies to address it. Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of supplementation with omega-3 oil or capsules on nutritional and inflammatory parameters of oncological patients undergoing active treatment. Methods: a systematic review was conducted to identify controlled clinical trials. The primary outcome was weight change. A meta-analysis was performed using RevMan software. Results: seven studies were included (n=262 participants). The administered dose ranged from 0,60 to 2,45 g, and the intervention lasted from 45 days to three months. It was observed that patients who received supplementation lost less weight than those not exposed to omega-3 (Standardized Mean Difference (SMD)= 3,99; 95,00 % CI 2,40-5,57), but no significant differences were found in body mass index (BMI) (SMD= 0,73; 95,00 % CI -0,11-1,58) or in albumin (SMD= -0,23; 95,00 % CI -0,26-0,71) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels (SMD= -4,01; 95,00 % CI -15,59-7,57). The results are limited by the number and heterogeneity of the included studies. Conclusions:omega-3 supplementation showed a reduction in weight loss in oncology patients undergoing active treatment (chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy) but did not show beneficial effects on BMI or albumin and CRP levels.

Comprehensive nutritional assessment with phase angle for early undernutrition detection in colorectal cancer patients

Sat, 28 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Introduction: early assessment of the nutritional status of the patient with colorectal cancer (CRC) has an important role because of its relationship with treatment success and prognosis. Objective: to evaluate the use of a comprehensive nutritional assessment with phase angle (PA) for early detection of undernutrition in patients with CRC. Methods: 14 patients with a recent diagnosis of CRC and 14 individuals without cancer were included in a descriptive cross-sectional study. Weight and height were measured. Bioelectrical impedance was performed, and PA was obtained. In addition, handgrip strength, biochemical indicators and dietary intake were evaluated. The Shapiro-Wilk test was applied to evaluate normality. Pearson correlation was used to determine the confounding variables. Analysis of covariance was performed for quantitative variables, adjusting anthropometric indicators for age and sex, and biochemical parameters for socioeconomic level. Results: more than 70.00 % of patients had a diagnosis of undernutrition based on patient-generated subjective global assessment (PG-SGA) and PA. Also, 91.70 % of patients had low handgrip strength. The prevalence of sarcopenia was high in the CRC group (58.00 %) and in the non-cancer group (46.00 %). In addition, cholesterol, total protein, and albumin were significantly lower in patients with CRC. The protein-energy intake of patients with CRC was lower compared to their requirements. Conclusions: 75.00 % of patients presented undernutrition at the time of CRC diagnosis according to the PA. Comprehensive nutritional assessment, that includes PA is crucial for timely diagnosis of malnourished oncology patients.

Risk factors for the development of metabolic syndrome in university students, Paraguay, 2023

Sat, 28 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Introduction: Metabolic syndrome presents several modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors, which are frequently observed in the university student population in the society we live in. Objective: To identify the risk factors for the development of metabolic syndrome in university students in 2023. Methods: The research was observational, descriptive, and cross-sectional. A sample of 212 students from seven academic units of a public university in Paraguay was included. A survey was conducted to identify modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors. Additionally, blood pressure was measured, nutritional status was assessed, and biochemical parameters were evaluated using the Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP-III) guidelines for dyslipidemia treatment. Physical activity levels were evaluated using the short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), which includes seven questions. The collected data were entered into an Excel spreadsheet and analyzed using Stata 16.0 for descriptive and association analysis via the chi-square statistical test. The results were presented in tables and statistical graphs. Results: A prevalence of 7.55 % of metabolic syndrome was found, with the primary associated factor being obesity type I, present in 8.21 % of the students, followed by lack of physical activity (33.42 %). Conclusion: The main factor associated with the development of metabolic syndrome in university students is modifiable risk factors.

Validation of a laser meter as a device for height measurement in adults

Sat, 28 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Introduction: height is the anthropometric measurement used as an indicator of a country's development and its use is common among children and adults for nutritional evaluation in clinical and public health. Objective: to validate a laser meter as anthropometric equipment to obtain height in healthy adults. Methods: experimental design with healthy adults to evaluate the concordance in height measured with different anthropometric equipment and a Kiprim LD50E laser meter in laboratory and open field. To control bias, the following were randomized: selection of individuals, instruments, and place of measurement with two replicates of height measurement per device at each experimental site. Results: 21 adults were evaluated with 420 height replicates. No statistically significant differences were found between the equipment used to measure height, both in the laboratory and in the open field. The analysis of the results by sex, according to anthropometrism, did not show statistically significant differences between them (p=0.078 in women; p= 0.164 in men). For each anthropometric equipment comparison, linear regression models were adjusted, in which in the first evaluation it was found that the intercepts were not statistically significant. Correlation coefficients were very high in all cases (>=0.998) with p-values >0.05. Conclusion: the height obtained with the laser meter showed high and significant statistical agreement with the reference anthropometric equipment and can be used to measure height in the absence of the traditional equipment used in clinics.

Correlation of albumin with anthropometric indicators and muscle strength in surgical patients

David Carelli, Rocio Lema, Romina Sayar — Sat, 28 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Introduction: serum albumin is used as a marker of nutritional status in surgical patients. Its usefulness as a sole indicator has been questioned due to its limitations in inflammatory stages. Objective: to evaluate the correlation between albumin, anthropometric indicators and muscle strength to determine the adequacy of albumin as a nutritional indicator in surgical patients hospitalized in a public hospital of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires between September 2023 and June 2024. Methods: cross sectional study. The correlation of albumin with body mass index (BMI), percentage of weight loss (PPP) and muscle strength was established. A comparison of BMI and PPP was made between patients with normal and low albumin. Sampling was non-probabilistic, by convenience. Results: the sample consisted of 100 patients, 63.00 % male. The most prevalent surgeries were biliary surgeries. No correlation was found between albumin and PPP and BMI. There was a significant correlation with muscle strength. No significant difference was observed in BMI and PPP between the groups with normal and low albumin. However, there was statistical significance in the handgrip strength values between both groups, being higher in patients with normal albumin. Conclusions: serum albumin does not show a significant correlation with BMI and PPP, but it does with muscle strength. These results suggest that, although albumin may be a useful indicator, it is not sufficient to assess nutritional status in surgical patients.

Clinical assessment without anthropometry? Insufficient for making effective decisions in outpatient and hospitalized patients

Maria Victoria Benjumea Rincón — Sat, 28 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Editorial "Clinical assessment without anthropometry? Insufficient for making effective decisions in outpatient and hospitalized patients"